December 16, 2025
Click above to Review Reports
March 11, 2026
Our President, Dr. Ian Ralby, returned to ABC News to speak with Kyra Phillips, live, about the global food, fuel and economic crises resulting out of the US and Israeli attacks on Iran and the subsequent efforts by Iran to block the Strait of Hormuz. Watch HERE.
March 6, 2026
Auxilium Worldwide, in partnership with INTERPOL, was delighted to deliver the second of a series of Maritime Law Enforcement Tabletop Exercises in the Caribbean. This TTX involved the full spectrum of maritime agencies in the British Virgin Islands and was led by our president, Dr. Ian Ralby, and our Head of Resource Responsibility, Dr. David Soud. Through a mix of discussions and scenarios, the engagement sought to both offer new ideas, insights, tools and resources for the BVI agencies, and to help identify gaps and weaknesses that could be addressed through future efforts. Ian and David thoroughly enjoyed their time in BVI - both during the exercise and susbsequent meetings, and appreciated the warm welcome and extensive interaction from the participants.
March 4, 2026
Please join us in congratulating our Board Member Yousra Elbagir who has just been named the Royal Television Society's Network Television Journalist of the Year. Yousra's remarkable reporting on her home country of Sudan - the locus of the world's worst humanitarian crisis - has provided a unique glimpse into the most ignored conflict on earth. She and her team at Sky News deserve all the many honors they receievd tonight! Congratulations as well to Rohini Ralby, our Chair, who serves as her mentor. Watch one of Yousra's post-award interviews HERE.
March 2, 2026
Our President, Dr. Ian Ralby, provided a legal and diplomatic assessment of what the US and Israel are doing in Iran. The discussion touched on individual responsibility for international crimes, and the issue of credibility on the world stage. Watch HERE.
March 1, 2026
Our President, Dr. Ian Ralby, went live on WION for an extensive discussion of the maritime implications of the US and Israeli attack on Iran and Iran's retaliation. Watch HERE.
March 1, 2026
Our President, Dr. Ian Ralby, went live on AsiaOne News to try to make sense of the military and governmental objectives of the US and Israeli attack on Iran. What is the end state they are after? Were they prepared for this response from Iran? And what happens next as this conflict expands? Watch HERE.
February 28, 2026
The Untied States and Israel launched major military strikes against Iran today, and Iran retaliated across a wide geography of states in the Middle East. Amid the chaos, our President, Dr. Ian Ralby went on AsiaOne News to share some real-time analysis of the unfolding situation. Watch HERE.
February 27, 2026
Auxilium Worldwide, in partnership with INTERPOL, was delighted to deliver the first of a series of Maritime Law Enforcement Tabletop Exercises in the Caribbean. This first TTX was with the full spectrum of maritime agencies in St. Lucia and was led by our president, Dr. Ian Ralby, and our legal associate, Elizabeth Nwarueze. Through a mix of discussions and scenarios, the engagement sought to both offer new ideas, insights, tools and resources for the St. Lucia agencies, and to help identify gaps and weaknesses that could be addressed through future efforts. Ian and Elizabeth thoroughly enjoyed their time in St. Lucia and appreciated the warm welcome and extensive interaction from the participants.
February 25, 2026
Originally from Sudan, our board member Yousra Elbagir has experienced the current civil war both personally and professionally. As the Africa Correspondent for Sky News, she has returned repeatedly to her country during some of the critical flashpoints to report on the war. In this new piece for TIME Magazine, she shares her experiences of finding hope in the glimmers of humanity what has become the world's worst humanitarian disaster. Read the article HERE.
February 23, 2026
In Auxilium Worldwide’s work with CARICOM IMPACS on “Fish and Flags” - an initiative to uncover and counter the criminal exploitation of fishers in the Caribbean (made possible with funding from Oceans 5) - we worked to identify practical means of reducing the vulnerabilities in the region’s fishing sector. One of the top issues that arose was that small-scale fishers could not access formal financing mechanisms to pay for repairs or purchase equipment. But criminal groups were happy to lend them money… in exchange for illegal favors. Dr. David Soud and Dr. Ian Ralby argue that financing small-scale fishers should be pursed as a counter-crime approach in the region. Read the article HERE.
February 23, 2026
In our monthly Making Sense of Maritime Matters (MSOMM) series, we reflected on everything from Cricket World Cup, Carnival and Crop Over to national and religious holidays and looked at how celebrations often come with surges in criminal behavior. Drug traffickers look to introduce new drugs and routes and to supply the tourists with their products, arms move to facilitate the illicit trades, and humans are trafficked as both laborers and sex workers to account for surge in people. Additionally cigarettes, alcohol and meat present new challenges for cutoms and health officials alike. And new forms of money laundering - including pre-paid credit cards or gift cards to bypass bulk cash laws - can create new challenges. The discussion also addressed the possibility of using the events schedule to target IUU fishing for specific species. For those with access to CBSI Connect, watch HERE.
February 18, 2026
Our President, Dr. Ian Ralby, was quoted in Lloyd's List by Ece Goksedef and Bridget Diakun regarding Red Sea maritime security and the reticence of shipping lines to return to transiting the critical chokepoint. Between renewed Houthi threats - including toward Saudi Arabia - and the fear of increased Iranian hostilities in the event of a US attack, uncertainty is at a premium. Read the article HERE.
February 17, 2026
Our President, Dr. Ian Ralby, returned to AsiaOne News to speak with Tom Philpot about the tone and substance of remarks by US officials at the Munic Security Conerence. While some took the remarks to be reassuring regarding the Trans-Atlantic Alliance, other found them to be of great concern, painting a picture of an expansionist Western Civilization. With a return to some of the key drivers of 19th Century national identity, much of the rest of the world was also put on notice of a major shift in both NATO and the Euro-Atlantic relationship. Watch HERE.
February 12, 2026
Our President, Dr. Ian Ralby, returned to ABC News to speak with Kyra Phillips, live, about how the U.S. efforts to prevent fuel from reaching Cuba are creating new challenges. Critically, the Cuban people are suffering, and that deserves the most attention. But as a result of that suffering, new actors are entering the picture in Cuba and creating new geopolitical and security challenges for the United States. Watch HERE.
February 7, 2026
Our President, Dr. Ian Ralby, returned to AsiaOne News to discuss the end of the New START cap on the number of nuclear weapons held by the two largest nuclear powers, the US and Russia. He discussed some of the challenges for reestablishing an agreement, particularly with China in the mix, and the implications of what this means for US allies. Watch HERE.
February 2, 2026
Our Head of Resource Responsibility, Dr. David Soud, is prominently quoted in this exposé on the growing issue of using gold concentrate as a means of both gold smuggling and money laundering. This tactic has accounted for an enormous boom in gold leaving Peru and has ties to all sorts of illicit activity, including state action. The basis for this article is Dr. Soud's seminal work on the subject for the OECD published in September 2025. Read the article HERE.
January 31, 2026
Two years ago today, our President, Dr. Ian Ralby, testified before the United States Congress, and specifically the The Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure's Subcommittee on Coast Guard and Maritime Transportation regarding the "Menace in the Red Sea" and the long-term threats the Houthis would pose. A full two years later, his predictions - both in the opening statement and in the highly engaging back and forth - have sadly come true. The Red Sea remains closed to most legitimate maritime commerce, and the governance picture in Yemen still deprives most Yemenis of safety, security, sustenance and sovereignty. It is interesting to watch in retrospect. Dr. Ralby's remarks begin at 25:50. Watch HERE.
January 29, 2026
Our President, Dr. Ian Ralby, sat down with Lawrence Dogli of the Gulf of Guinea Maritime Institute to discuss illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing in the region. This conversation touched on security, law, governance and cultural heritage. Dr. Ralby raises a range of issues including domestic governance challenges and foreign influence operations. Watch HERE.
January 29, 2026
Our President, Dr. Ian Ralby, presented on "Maritime Law and Security in the Arctic" to the Canadian Embassy as part of its internal Knowledge Initiative. Dr Ralby talked about the lack of physical capcity, including for search and rescue and response to spills, the shortfall in intellectual development around the Arctic, including legal issues and potential areas for hybrid aggression, and some of the erroneous assumptions about the Arctic that are clouding thinking about how to approach it.
January 29, 2026
Our President, Dr. Ian Ralby, presented on "Hybridity, Lawfare and Unlawfare in the Maritime Domain" to the Naval Attachés Association in Washington, DC. Hosted by the Japanese Embassy, and situated in the historic Ambassador's Residence, he shared candidly about some of the ways in which key hybrid aggressors are using doubt as a weapon to undermine the rules based order and gain strategic and tactical advantage. See the LinkedIn Post HERE.
January 26, 2026
This new article by our Chair Rohini Ralby and President Dr. Ian Ralby argues that there is a close nexus between IUU Fishing and the destruction of cultural heritage. It uses the case of Ghana as representative of a phenomenon that is visible around the world where large-scale fishing operations by foreign actors, particularly the Chinese, are working to destroy the cultural heritage of coastal communities, and in the process, weaken the national identity and resilience of those states. This makes them more susceptible to other forms of malign influence and paves the way for greater foreign control. This may be a way to help inspire greater political will to counter IUU Fishing - as it is not just about the fish! Read HERE.
January 26, 2026
As the United States leans forward on vessel interdictions, the implications for maritime security, worldwide, are raising all sorts of new questions. Our President, Dr. Ian Ralby, met with Dr. Michael Nwankpa to discuss those interdictions and African maritime security on the CACD podcast. Watch his analysis HERE.
January 22, 2026
The World Economic Forum in Davos has seen a new entity - the Board of Peace - established with unclear mandates and an approach that seems to tee up competition with the United Nations. Our President, Dr. Ian Ralby, shares some perspective on it. Watch his analysis HERE.
January 21, 2026
In our monthly Making Sense of Maritime Matters (MSOMM) series, we sought to be responsive to the current Caribbean context. Recent events have plunged the Caribbean maritime space into the global spotlight. As the maritime security picture evolves in unprecedented ways and 2026 appears to be bringing greater and greater unpredictability to the region, two members of our team, Dr. Ian Ralby and Dr. David Soud, sought to share a bit of analysis of what is going on and where things may be heading. For those with access to CBSI Connect, watch HERE.
January 21, 2026
Our president took some time to speak with Charlotte Leslie, former MP and Director of the Conservative Middle East Council, about what is happening in the Red Sea. The discussion touches on many of the states along the Red Sea coast as well as the extra-regional actors who have contribue to the current security challenges. Watch and listen HERE.
January 19, 2026
Sharing the screen with Michelle Wiese Bockmann and Sal Mercogliano, our President Dr. Ian Ralby speaks with Eli Glasner of CBC to discuss the ghost fleet and its trajectory. Watch the segment HERE.
January 15, 2026
This new piece by our President, Dr. Ian Ralby, provides a clear and understandable explanation of the legal issues around the tanker chases and seizures that are taking place right now. It also looks at some new wrinkles in how Russia and Iran are operating at sea, as well as how Western foreign policy has helped its key adversaries and competitors form an increasingly close alliance. Read his article HERE.
January 15, 2026
Our President, Dr. Ian Ralby, is quoted extensively on the ongoing challenges to vessels considering a return to traversing the Red Sea. While the threat of the Houthis remains, there are other issues at play, as well. Read his analysis HERE.
January 15, 2026
The BRICS are more than an economic bloc and their naval exercise expressly seeks to demostrate that. As the key adversaries and competitors of the United States and Europe increase their military cooperation with naval drills off South Africa, our President, Dr. Ian Ralby offers his perspective. Watch his analysis HERE.
January 14, 2026
Our President, Dr. Ian Ralby, is block quoted alongside other experts regarding the legal and security implications of the United Staes leaning forward on sanctions enforcement regarding tankers tied to Venezuela. Read his analysis HERE.
January 10, 2026
Only a few months since the Iranian nuclear program was attacked by the United States Armed Forces, the American Administration is threatening a broader intervention in Iran. Our President speaks with AsiaOne News to discuss the likelihood that the United States will act on its threats, the sentiments in Tehran, the comibnation of internal and external pressure and how the sitution in Iran differs from that of Venezuela. Watch his analysis HERE.
January 6, 2026
The United States government has made statements indicating an intent to control Venezuela's oil production "indefinitely" - a claim that raises many practical questions. Our President, Dr. Ian Ralby, had the chance to discuss some of those questions with Nick Schifrin on PBS News Hour. Watch his analysis HERE.
January 6, 2026
The United States seizure of two vessels in 24 hours raises a variety of new questions about how the US will seek to administer its aggressive positions toward Venezuela. As one of the tankers was allegedly registered in Russia, geopolitical tensions are running particularly high. Our President, Dr. Ian Ralby, offers a bit of clarity amid the chaos. Watch his analysis HERE.
December 21, 2025
As the United States has begun seizing tankers in the Caribbean in addition to blowing up alleged drug boats, many questions arise. Our President, Dr. Ian Ralby went on CNA news in Singapore to discuss the legal, operational and geoplitical implications of these actions. Watch his analysis HERE.
December 19, 2025
The painting (in the background), “The Deeper War,” by Rohini Ralby, is a gift to the Embassy of Yemen from Auxilium Worldwide. The leadership of Auxilium - Rohini Ralby, Dr. Ian Ralby and Dr. David Soud - worked tirelessly, pro bono, to raise attention to critical issues in Yemen, most notably the implications of the FSO SAFER, and to marshal meaningful action to protect Yemen and the Yemeni people. This painting is a tribute to that effort. (These are the words on the inscribed plaque).
December 19, 2025
Our team submitted a letter in support of one of the prisoners in our program as he faced a sentencing hearing that would determine his future. Our President attended the hearing and the Judge, defense counsel and defendant all talked about Auxilium Worldwide having made a meaningful impact on the young man. That factored in to the Judge issuing the minimum sentence, together with enrolling him in programs that will better set him up for the future as a productive member of society.
December 19, 2025
The Caribbean Sun Times published an article covering the launch of our reports on Fish & Flags: Supporting the Caribbean States in Moving from Threatened to Thriving. Read the coverage HERE.
December 16, 2025
Over the last two years, we have worked, with the Caribbean Community's Implementation Agency for Crime and Security (CARICOM IMPACS) to pursue transparency in the Caribbean's fisheries sector and flag registries to reduce exploitation. We have now launched six reports - available HERE on our website and on the IMPACS website under the banner of "Fish & Flags: Supporting Caribbean States in Moving from Threatened to Thriving." This work was made possible through the support of Oceans 5. Oceans 5 is a sponsored project of Rockafeller Philanthropy Advisors. This event was in place of our normal Making Sense of Maritime Matters (MSOMM) webinars. For those with access to CBSI Connect, watch HERE.
December 16, 2025
A new article by Auxilium's Dr. Ian M. Ralby and co-author Philippe Cousteau, published in The Diplomatic Courier, addresses why countries should designate coral reefs as Critical National Infrastructure (CNI). Read article: HERE
December 12, 2025
A joint investigation by Lloyd's List and Bellingcat has produced an analysis of maritime movements indicating that the market for grain, smuggled by Russia out of Ukraine, has found a market in Saudi Arabia. Our President, Dr. Ian Ralby, is quoted regarding the Russian efforts to expand access to warm water ports and markets for its sanctioned and illicit trade. Read the Article: HERE
December 4, 2025
A new Policy Brief by Auxilium's Dr. David Soud offers groundbreaking insights into the "Illicit flows of gold concentrates in the maritime space." Perhaps the most overlooked arena for the illicit gold market, large quantities of gold concentrates move, hidden in plain sight, across the world's waterways with impunity. This Policy Brief is a major resource for maritime law enforcement officials and policymakers around the world. Read the Brief: HERE
December 4, 2025
Auxilium's Founder, Rohini Ralby and President, Dr. Ian Ralby teamed up to write this piece describing farmers as America's first patriots, and lamenting that the current "America First" policies are making them the country's last priority. When farmers and food get ruined by governments, the outcome is never good for society. Everyone needs to get wiser on agricultural policy, as we can live without many things, but we cannot survive without food! Read the article: HERE
December 1, 2025
Auxilium's President, Dr. Ian Ralby, lent his voice and analysis to the Lloyd's List podcast regarding the possibilities of a return to the Red Sea. As he notes, thinking the Houthis are finished would be a mistake! Have a listen: HERE
November 27, 2025
Auxilium's President, Dr. Ian Ralby, teamed up with Ukrainian Member of Parliament Oleg Dunda to write a powerful op-ed in Lloyd's List, arguing for a new approach to addressing the extensive "shadow fleet" that has become the lifeblood of the Russian economy. In addition focusing on the ships and the cargoes that have been sanctioned, states should look at using different levers to making ports inaccessible to the shadow fleet. Read the article: HERE
November 25, 2025
Coinciding with a release of a new article by Virun Lutchman of CARICOM IMPACS, Dr. Ian Ralby of Auxilium Worldwide and Dr. Ife Okafor-Yarwood of St. Andrews, the three authors came together to speak at this month's iteration of Making Sense of Maritime Matters. They discussed the challenge of our terrestrial focus blinding us to what is really going on at sea. Too often, that means we blame the things we can see for the maritime problems we experience. For those with access to CBSI Connect, watch HERE.
November 25, 2025
In a collaboration with Virun Lutchman of CARICOM IMPACS and Dr. Ifesenachi Okafor-Yarwood of the University of St. Andrews, Dr. Ian Ralby, our President, explores the issue of blame in the maritime domain. As part of our monthly series with The Diplomatic Courier, this piece argues that we tend to blame maritime issues on what is visible from shore, as we remain blind to the main problems - many of which are farther out to sea. The points are relevant to all those who work in maritime affairs. Read the article: HERE
November 19-20, 2025
As part of its initiative on Fish & Flags: Supporting Caribbean States in Moving from Threatened to Thriving, Auxilium Worldwide has been working with CARICOM IMPACS to address different areas of fisheries crime in the region. Our Head of Resource Responsibility Dr. David Soud spent several days in Barbados this week to serve as the lead subject matter expert on an Eel Trafficking Workshop Read a write-up of it: HERE
November 19, 2025
A team from Auxilium Worldwide including Dr. Ian Ralby, Dr. David Soud and Sophie Podrog have collaborated on a new piece in CIMSEC on how marine species have become a criminal commodity, trafficked in plain sight in the Caribbean. The article examines the overlooked phenomenon of eel trafficking - which has been tied to drug trafficking, money laundering and political assassination - as indicative of the broader problem. This piece arose out of our work with CARICOM IMPACS, made possible by Oceans 5. Read the article: HERE
November 13, 2025
Our President Dr. Ian Ralby went on Asia One News to discuss the end of the US Government shutdown and what challenges remain ahead. Watch the interview: HERE
November 3, 2025
As Somali piracy seems poised to resurge in the Northwest Indian Ocean, Lloyd's List turned to our President, Dr. Ian Ralby, for insights on what might be happening. As he points out, the convergence of criminal networks, Al Shabaab terrorists, and Houthi expansion could spell trouble. Read the article: HERE
October 22, 2025
While European States seem to be wanting to take a more aggressive approach to the "shadow fleet" and start boarding all such vessels, our President Dr. Ian Ralby shares with Lloyd's List his concerns that such boardings should not occur without a sense of what will happen next. It is much easier to board a vessel than to seize it and if the boardings are just to interfere with the navigation of tankers, aggressive states in other parts of the world - like China, Russia or Iran - could use the EU undertaking as a pretext for interfering with freedom of navigation. Read the article: HERE
October 21, 2025
On Trafalgar Day, our President Dr. Ian Ralby, puts forward a new argument for global maritime governance by suggesting that every state should appoint an Ambassador at Large for Maritime Affairs. Noting the specialist needs to address maritime diplomatic matters related to security, trade, environmental protection and other key issues, Dr. Ralby suggests this would be a cost effective way to address a void in most states' national competence. Read the article: HERE
October 9, 2025
The Auxilium Worldwide team worked for years to ensure that the Red Sea was not destroyed by a catastrophic oil spill from the FSO SAFER - a floating facility that became a hostage of Yemen's civil war. Their work helped to catalyze an effort to transfer the oil to a seaworthy vessel, funded by the UN, in 2023. That new vessel, the YEMEN, is still under UN oversight but now appears to be being used by the Houthis to transfer and store sactioned oil. Read the article: HERE
October 9, 2025
As our President, Dr. Ian Ralby, says, the "war on drugs" is not actually a war, which means that the applicable laws are those of peacetime law enforcement operations. He shares an assessment of the legal and operational realities of the US strikes on alleged drug boats in the Caribbean. Hear his and other views: HERE
September 28, 2025
In our work in the Caribbean, we discovered that nearly every state in the region had at least 2 vessels in another part of the wold, illegally. In this article with the Maritime Executive, Dr. Ian Ralby, our President, analyzes the situation and explains why it matters. This piece arose out of our work with CARICOM IMPACS and the Government of Bermuda, funded through Oceans 5 and the Waitt Institute, respectively. Read the article: HERE
September 25, 2025
For years, Auxilium Worldwide has been providing leading analysis on the Houthis and their assault on global maritime commerce. To mark World Maritime Day and to kick off a monthly series on maritime affairs with the Diplomatic Courier, our President Dr. Ian Ralby has published a new analysis of what has happened so far with the Houthis and what challenges to maritime commerce still lie ahead. Read the article: HERE
September 25, 2025
China behaves differently than other states. This piece by our President, Dr. Ian Ralby, looks at how China's "non-kinetic warfare" effort is actually killing people at sea. The casualties, however, are neither Chinese nor from the West, and their deaths need to be recognized. Read the article: HERE
September 20 , 2025
Since Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, the West has issued countless sanctions. But to what end? Have they materially altered Russia's ability to wage war against Ukraine? In this article, the New York Times quotes our President, Dr. Ian Ralby regarding the sanctions, their lack of enforcement, and the unintended consequence of having created a parellel global economy of sanctioned states and their enablers. Read the article: HERE
August 21 , 2025
Intentionally broadcasting statelessness might seem a strange thing to do to avoid law enforcement, but even though every state would have the right to board (visit) a vessel without nationality outside of 12 nautical miles, very few states would have any plan for what to do once on board. Taking jurisdiction over such a vessel is a dangerous and costly prospect - physically, economically, leagally and politically - and if the coastal state does not perceive any real benefit from doing so, it is likely to avoid the issue. Criminals have used this tactic for a while, so it is unsurprising that sanctioned actors are now adopting the approach. Our Presiden explains this dynmaic in a new piece by Bridget Diakun at Lloyd's List. Read the article: HERE
August 12 , 2025
Our Head of Resource Responsibility, Dr. David Soud, is quoted extensively in this excllent piece by Rebecca Tan of the Washington Post on the "global mining mafia" and how extensively those illicit flows head to China. Dr. Soud has been tracking illicit gold flows for years and China routinely emerges as the leading state player in stockpiling gold, regardless of its origin or legality. Read the article: HERE
July 23 , 2025
In this second part of the Lloyd's List podcast on the FSO SAFER, our President Dr. Ian Ralby talks about the use of the SAFER's replacement - the YEMEN - by the Houthis. Listen to the podcast: HERE
July 22 , 2025
Our President, Dr. Ian Ralby, participates in the first installment of a two-part podcast with Lloyd's List, looking at the FSO SAFER. Auxilium's team was heavily involved in generating the action to try to address the plight of the SAFER and in this segment, Dr. Ralby explains some of that history. Listen to the podcast: HERE
July 21 , 2025
Can you picture what the Sint Maarten flag looks like in your mind? It is the latest obscure flag to be used and abused by sanctioned actors looking to avoid law enforcement. The problem is, Sint Maarten is not actually involved. The United States - home to the company that is perpetrating the fraudulent flagging - is actually more involved in this effort to evade U.S. sanctions (among others). Follow the Money quotes our President, Dr. Ian Ralby, extensively in this piece. Read it: HERE
July 12, 2025
Our President, Dr. Ian Ralby, sat down with Geeta Mohan at India Today to discuss submarine cable protection and China's efforts to undermine Taiwan though hybrid aggression. Our way of life is now entirely dependent on the roughly 450 privately owned fiber optic cables that sit on the ocean floor, no larger than a garden hose. They account for 99% of telephonic and internet communication and $10 trillion of economic activity every day. Watch it: HERE
July 9, 2025
Our President, Dr. Ian Ralby, offered eight points on what needs to happen to counter the Shadow Fleet at the Ukraine Recovery Conference in Rome. He argued for:
1. A criteria based definition so that Maritime Operations Center watch standers know what too look for in identifying the "shadow fleet."
2. Operational guidance on enforcement jurisdiction and operational art in countering the "shadow fleet" at sea within the confines of existing law, including how to deal with the diversity of sanctions and who can enforce each of them.
3. A legal toolkit to leverage as many national laws as possible that might be useful in lawfully disrupting the "shadow fleet" the way that the mafia was taken down by tax laws and mail fraud.
4. A multinational agreement that, using the agreed definition of the "shadow fleet," declares the "shadow fleet's" transits through the territorial sea as per se non-innocent.
5. Caution regarding the tent problem - if we continue sanction so many different actors around the world (pushing them out of our tent), we may make more challenges for ourselves by creating a tent we can't access. The same is true for de-flagging - they may just choose to operate without flags and find ways to operate with enabling partners. Given most states' challenge of dealing with stateless vessels, this could become a new challenge.
6. Mutual legal assistance to pursue asset forfeiture and take some of the sanctioned assets back from these bad actors.
7. Care in ensuring we do not take actions that diminish the freedom of navigation such that the likes of Russia, China, and Iran use our efforts as an "tu quoque" excuse for diminishing freedom of navigation in other ways.
8. Constant reminders of the difference between peacetime law and wartime law, lest we blend them and tacitly suggest we are embroiled in a world war.
July 7, 2025
The Auxilium team spent years brining the plight of the FSO SAFER to light and advocating for a sensible solution. While it was great that the UN got the oil off the SAFER in 2023, they effectively gifted the Houthis a tanker that they are now using to store fuel and move sanctioned Russian oil. This is an excellent piece by Lloyd's List that quotes our President, Dr. Ian Ralby, in exposing this failure to understand the Houthis. Read it: HERE